こと
Meaning
Must do / must not do V. An impersonal written rule or instruction.
Conjugation
Vdict + こと / Vない + こと (at the end of a sentence)
Examples
Show translation
授業には必ず出席すること。
必要なものを全部持ってくること。
教室では静かにすること。
試験中は、スマホを使わないこと。
公園のハトにえさをあげないこと。
レポートは金曜日までに出すこと。
grammarDetailPage.commonMistakes.title
grammarDetailPage.commonMistakes.wrong: 授業に出席しますこと。
grammarDetailPage.commonMistakes.correct: 授業に出席すること。
grammarDetailPage.commonMistakes.why: こと as a rule attaches to the dictionary form or ない form, never to the ます form.
grammarDetailPage.commonMistakes.wrong: 毎日勉強するのこと。
grammarDetailPage.commonMistakes.correct: 毎日勉強すること。
grammarDetailPage.commonMistakes.why: Do not insert の between a verb and こと. Nのこと ("about N") is a different pattern and cannot make a rule.
grammarDetailPage.commonMistakes.wrong: 先生、明日までに宿題を出すこと。(said to a teacher)
grammarDetailPage.commonMistakes.correct: 先生、明日までに宿題を出します。
grammarDetailPage.commonMistakes.why: Sentence-final こと is an impersonal rule or an order from an authority. It is not used when speaking to a superior; state your own intention with ます instead.
Key points
Used at the end of a sentence in notices, rule lists, memos, exam instructions and by teachers. It states a rule without addressing a particular person, so it sounds firm and formal. For a direct request to someone in conversation use ~てください, and do not use こと toward a superior.
Practise this pattern with a free account
- 1 practice exercise a day
- 1 quiz a day to check what you remember
- Save lessons to review later
- Daily learning streaks and progress tracking
- 5 native-audio example sentences a day
Rate for the lesson
Comment(0)
Write your comment
Send
