なり
Meaning
As soon as A happens, B happens immediately. B is usually a sudden or unexpected action.
Conjugation
(A)VDict + なり + (B)
Examples
Show translation
彼は部屋に入るなり、大声で泣き出した。
犬は私を見るなり、吠え始めた。
うちの子は家に帰るなり、ランドセルを放り投げてゲームを始める。
久しぶりに父に会うなり、弟は駆け寄って抱きついた。
帰宅するなり、夫はソファに倒れ込んで眠ってしまった。
彼女は電話を切るなり、部屋を飛び出した。
grammarDetailPage.commonMistakes.title
grammarDetailPage.commonMistakes.wrong: 爆音が聞こえるなり、街中に恐怖が広がった。
grammarDetailPage.commonMistakes.correct: 爆音を聞くなり、人々は一斉に逃げ出した。
grammarDetailPage.commonMistakes.why: The subjects of A and B must be the same. In the original sentence, 爆音 is the subject of 聞こえる, while 恐怖 is the subject of 広がった. The corrected sentence uses 人々 as the understood subject of both 聞く and 逃げ出した. Non-volitional verbs are not inherently prohibited before なり; the subject relationship is the main issue here.
grammarDetailPage.commonMistakes.wrong: 帰宅するなり、宿題をしましょう。
grammarDetailPage.commonMistakes.correct: 帰宅するなり、ソファに倒れ込んだ。
grammarDetailPage.commonMistakes.why: B must describe an actual action or event (usually in the past tense). It cannot express the speaker's intention, an invitation, a command or a request.
grammarDetailPage.commonMistakes.wrong: 彼は部屋に入ったなり、泣き出した。
grammarDetailPage.commonMistakes.correct: 彼は部屋に入るなり、泣き出した。
grammarDetailPage.commonMistakes.why: 'As soon as' uses the dictionary form + なり. Vたなり means a state continues after the action (e.g. 出かけたなり戻らない 'went out and never came back').
Key points
Used mainly in written or formal-leaning Japanese to express that B happens immediately after A, often as a sudden or unexpected action. B is usually in the past tense, but the construction can also describe habitual behavior. The subject of A and B must be the same.
B describes an actual action or event and is not normally used to express the speaker's intention, invitation, command, or request. The action in B can itself be deliberate.
Compared with ~とたん, なり requires the same subject and typically describes the subject's own action. ~やいなや is similar but more literary. Do not confuse it with Vたなり (a state that continues) or with なり…なり ('either…or').
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