かけの／かけだ

Level

JLPT N3

Ratings

5/5

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かけの／かけだ

Yuzuo Chan

11.06.2025

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Meaning

Describes an action that was started but not finished, and was left or interrupted midway. Before a noun it means 'half-done N', such as a half-eaten or half-read item. At the end of a sentence (かけだ) it means 'be in the middle of doing'.

Conjugation

(A)Vます stem + かけの + (B)N: (A)Vます stem + かけだ

Examples

Show translation

机つくえの上うえに食たべかけのパンが置おいてある。

読よみかけの本ほんを机つくえの上うえに置おいたまま、寝ねてしまった。

書かきかけのレポートを明日あしたまでに出ださなければならない。

この宿題しゅくだいはまだやりかけだから、遊あそびに行いけない。

飲のみかけのコーヒーが冷さめてしまった。

母ははは作つくりかけの料理りょうりをそのままにして、電話でんわに出でた。

grammarDetailPage.commonMistakes.title

grammarDetailPage.commonMistakes.wrong: 一いちページも読よんでいない本ほんは読よみかけの本ほんだ。

grammarDetailPage.commonMistakes.correct: まだ読よんでいない本ほん / 読よみかけの本ほん（途中とちゅうまで読よんだ本ほん）

grammarDetailPage.commonMistakes.why: V-かけ means the action was started but not finished. It cannot describe something that has not been touched at all.

grammarDetailPage.commonMistakes.wrong: 読よむかけの本ほん

grammarDetailPage.commonMistakes.correct: 読よみかけの本ほん

grammarDetailPage.commonMistakes.why: かけ attaches to the ます stem (読み), not the dictionary form.

grammarDetailPage.commonMistakes.wrong: ケーキを全部ぜんぶ食たべかけた。

grammarDetailPage.commonMistakes.correct: ケーキを全部ぜんぶ食たべきった。

grammarDetailPage.commonMistakes.why: V-かけ means 'started but not finished' (or 'was about to'). To say you did something completely, use ～きる.

Key points

Use it to talk about an object left in a half-finished state, such as 食たべかけのパン or 書かきかけのレポート. It is neutral and common in speech and writing. When describing an unfinished action, the action must have started but not been completed. Compare ～きる (do completely) and ～終おわる (finish). Note that ～かける can also mean 'be on the verge of doing something' or 'almost do something', as in 死しにかけた (almost died). In this meaning, the action or change does not necessarily have to have started.

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