使役
使役
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Yuzuo Chan
|
11.06.2025
Meaning
To make someone do something (coercion), to let someone do something (permission), or to cause someone's emotion or state (e.g. make someone cry).
Conjugation
五段: 未然形（ない形の語幹）+ せる（む→ませる、す→させる、う→わせる、ぬ→なせる、つ→たせる、ぶ→ばせる、く→かせる、ぐ→がせる、る→らせる）: 一段: 語幹 + させる（食べる→食べさせる）
Examples
Show translation
母は子供に毎日野菜を食べさせます。
先生は生徒を廊下に立たせた。
女の子は自分の妹を泣かせました。
娘にピアノを習わせたい。
父は私を一人で旅行に行かせてくれた。
すみません、少し考えさせてください。
grammarDetailPage.commonMistakes.title
grammarDetailPage.commonMistakes.wrong: 母は私をトイレを掃除させた。
grammarDetailPage.commonMistakes.correct: 母は私にトイレを掃除させた。
grammarDetailPage.commonMistakes.why: With a transitive verb, the person made to act takes に because the object already uses を. Two を in one clause is not allowed.
grammarDetailPage.commonMistakes.wrong: 母は子供に野菜を食べられさせた。
grammarDetailPage.commonMistakes.correct: 母は子供に野菜を食べさせた。
grammarDetailPage.commonMistakes.why: Ichidan verbs form the causative by adding させる directly to the stem. 食べられる is the potential/passive form and cannot be mixed in.
grammarDetailPage.commonMistakes.wrong: 手伝わさせてください。
grammarDetailPage.commonMistakes.correct: 手伝わせてください。
grammarDetailPage.commonMistakes.why: Godan verbs take せる, not させる. Adding an extra さ (さ入れ言葉) is a common error, so use only the 未然形 + せる formation.
Key points
The causative says that A (the causer) makes or lets B do something; whether it means coercion or permission depends on context. 〜させてくれる／〜させてあげる are clearly permission. It is mostly used when the causer has authority (parent→child, boss→employee, teacher→student), but emotion verbs such as 泣かせる, 笑わせる and 驚かせる can also be used between equals.
With intransitive verbs, the person made or allowed to act can take を or に. を often indicates more direct control or coercion, while に can sound softer or more permissive, but this is not an absolute rule: 子供を行かせる / 子供に行かせる. With transitive verbs, the person takes に and the object keeps を: 子供に野菜を食べさせる.
Do not confuse it with the passive (〜られる), where the subject is the person affected. Causative + てください (〜させてください) is a polite way to ask permission to do something yourself; 〜させてもらう (often 〜させてもらいます) describes receiving permission or being allowed to do it.
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